The Linux kernel numbering system has changed a bit over the years. Originally, Linux kernels were numbered based on whether they are stable release or not. Even numbers were stable releases and odd numbers were more development based. The second number in the string is the one that indicates a stable release. For example, 2.6.31.1 is the current sable release. 2.5.X.X was a developmental release that 2.6.X.X was based on. This numbering system was officially scrapped with the 2.6.X.X release.
Now development has started on the 2.6.X.X kernel, and Linus Torvalds has indicated that he does not intend to go to a 2.7 release to denote the development release. Instead development is being done on the minor releases. A minor release is denoted by the third number in the 2.6.X.X format. The forth number of the format indicates bug fixes, security patches, and other corrections.
In the current numbering scheme, a developmental release is indicated by the letters "rc" followed by a number. RC stands for release candidate, indicated that it is not ready for a production environment.
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